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A computational model to determine the optimal orientation for …
At Shenyang, China (41.7°N), Bai et al. (2005) studied the influence of solar greenhouse orientation on the amount of entered sunlight, and the results showed that …
Influences of Different Meteorological Parameters on Outdoor …
Xu conducted a thermal comfort study in Xi''an, China, showing that outdoor solar radiation and air temperature were decisive factors affecting outdoor thermal comfort in winter . This result is consistent with the results of Nikolopoulou''s investigation of thermal comfort in seven European cities [ 2 ].
Urban outdoor thermal comfort in western China
Outdoor thermal comfort has significant regional characteristics. The thermal acceptable range and Neutral PET in Xi''an, Tianjin, and Harbin are different from each other. The Neutral PET in …
Introducing Degree Days to Building Thermal Climatic Zoning in China
The appropriate base temperature range is 18°C to 22°C. This study provides a reference for selecting indexes to improve thermal climatic zoning in regions with similar climates. ... Su X.W., Influence of outdoor and indoor microclimate on human thermal adaptation in winter in the severe cold area, China. Building and Environment, …
A Comparative Analysis of Outdoor Thermal Comfort Indicators …
Outdoor thermal comfort is an important criterion for evaluating the quality of outdoor activity environments and is also a significant indicator for assessing sustainable building design. Over the past century, more than 165 indoor and outdoor thermal comfort indexes have been developed to define human thermal comfort …
Modeling mean radiant temperature in outdoor spaces, A …
The parameter governing outdoor human thermal comfort (HTC) on warm, clear-sky days is radiation. Its effect on HTC is accounted for by mean radiant temperature (T mrt).While T mrt differences owing to different measurement methods are well established, the impact of different computational approaches have not been …
Studies of outdoor thermal comfort in northern China
For microclimatic monitoring, two HOBO micro weather stations were deployed in an open space and under a pavilion to record the air temperature (T a), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (V a), and global solar radiation (G) every 10 min at a height of 2 m above the ground.The globe temperature, T g, was manually recorded every 30 min …
Solar Assisted Air-Source Heat Pumps: A Review with a Focus on …
In the series SA-ASHP, the solar collector and outdoor air heat exchanger are connected in series in the evaporator loop of the heat pump. As with the semi-parallel SA-ASHP configuration, heat pumps of this type vary with regards to whether the solar collector and outdoor air heat exchanger can operate simultaneously or not.
Effect of direct solar projected area factor on outdoor thermal …
The outdoor mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) is largely influenced by the direct solar radiation incident on the human body, mainly affected by the projected area …
Temperature annual cycle variations and responses to surface solar …
The phase of maximum temperature adjusted for solar radiation for the Plateau is similar to South China at the same latitude and later than the raw maximum temperature. REFERENCES Allen, R.J., Norris, J.R. and Wild, M. ( 2013 ) Evaluation of multidecadal variability in CMIP5 surface solar radiation and inferred underestimation of …
Research on creating the indoor thermal environment of the solar ...
The composite phase change thermal storage wallboard, with a phase transition temperature range of 16–28 °C, is well-suited for use in Wuzhong. However, as shown in Fig. 14, the combination of outdoor solar radiation and outdoor temperature exhibits intricate variations in different regions of northern China. These variations exert …
Evaluation of the observation methods of outdoor mean …
Microclimatic and environmental radiation measurements were conducted for six days (from 8th to 12th and also on October 27, 2020). The observed physical parameters included air temperature (T a), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (V), black globe temperature (T g), and long- and short-wave radiant flux densities in six …
A comprehensive review of outdoor thermal comfort in urban …
The diffuse, reflected solar radiation and the surface temperature have an influence on increasing the OTC index, while the wind velocity and building height are the essential variables reducing OTC. 86: 2017: ... China: Temperate: Summer: Open space: Environmental: ... Aboelata A. Reducing outdoor air temperature, improving thermal …
Solar Garden Lighting
China Solar Garden Lighting wholesale - Select 2024 high quality Solar Garden Lighting products in best price from certified Chinese Solar Light manufacturers, LED Garden Light suppliers, wholesalers and factory on Made-in-China ... Garden Yinghui 1180*325*140mm Yangzhou, China Outdoor Light Solar Street Lamp US$ 80-230 / …
Studies of outdoor thermal comfort in northern China
This paper reports the findings of a nearly year-long study of outdoor thermal comfort in a cold climate in China, and our use of the data to evaluate the …
EVALUATING HOW THE TEMPERATURE CHANGES IN A SUNKEN SOLAR …
Temperature variation of each measurement point in the solar greenhouse. Note: 17 March 2019 was sunny, 20 March 2019 was cloudy, 4 April 2019 was sunny, 13 April 2019 had sleet, 5 May 2019 was ...
Evaluation of the observation methods of outdoor mean …
The outdoor mean radiant temperature (MRT) has been used as an indicator to characterize radiation in an outdoor thermal environment. To investigate outdoor MRT, the cost-effective and portable black-globe thermometer method has commonly been used, though its shortcomings have been noted, such as limited …
Buildings | Free Full-Text | Evaluating the Effects of Different
Unlike the air temperature, the solar radiation declined after 13:00, which was related to the long-wave radiation of buildings and the ground. ... C. Effects of short-term physiological and psychological adaptation on summer thermal comfort of outdoor exercising people in China. Build. Environ. 2021, 198, 107877. [Google Scholar]
Field assessments of mean radiant temperature estimation …
Our study area, Hailing Island (21°35′N, 111°53′E), is located in the city of Yangjiang, southern China. Situated in the southern humid subtropical zone (Cwa) of the Köppen classification system [41], the island registers an annual average air temperature of about 22.7 °C s annual average relative humidity usually exceeds 75%, and its annual …
Analysis of the indoor thermal environment of traditional residents …
The lowest outdoor temperature is 20.1°C, which generally occurs from 5:00–7:00, and the outdoor temperature difference reaches 10.8°C. The relative humidity of the air varies from 48.8% to 87.4%, and the average relative humidity is 76.4%. The outdoor temperature increases with increasing solar radiation, and the air relative …
Country-level meteorological parameters for building energy …
Surface meteorological data and solar radiation data were generated for 1019 cities and towns in China from 1988 to 2017. The data were carefully compared, …
Top 10 Solar Light Manufacturers in China
Check out our list of the top 10 solar light manufacturers in China to find a brand that suits your needs. Skip to content. Products ... Betterled solar lights are made from durable materials and are designed to withstand the harshest weather conditions. They also come in a variety of styles to suit your specific needs. ... Top 10 Outdoor ...
Solar Outdoor Light
China Solar Outdoor Light wholesale - Select 2024 high quality Solar Outdoor Light products in best price from certified Chinese Solar Light manufacturers, Solar Lighting suppliers, wholesalers and factory on Made-in-China ... Color Temperature: Cool White, Warm White, Pure White. 1 / 6. Favorites. 30W, 40W, 50W, 60W All in One …
Influences of Different Meteorological Parameters on Outdoor …
Xu conducted a thermal comfort study in Xi''an, China, showing that outdoor solar radiation and air temperature were decisive factors affecting outdoor …
Sunlight perception and outdoor thermal comfort in college
Hong Jin et al. 27 observed in their study in Harbin that air temperature and solar exposure have an impact on outdoor comfort. In winter, as sunshine sensitivity …
Urban outdoor thermal comfort in western China
The city of Xi''an (34°18ʹN, 108°56ʹE) is located in the cold area of China, with an annual average temperature of 13.7°C. The calculated outdoor temperature is −3.4°C in winter and 30.6°C in summer (Design code for heating ventilation and air conditioning of civil buildings, GB 50,736–2012).
The 11 Best Outdoor Solar Lights of 2024, Tested and Reviewed
6 · We tested the best outdoor solar lights to help you illuminate your space, including mounted, hanging, and string light options. ... Operating time: 6-12 hours depending on setting | Weather Resistance Rating: IP68 | Color Temperature: 6500K. PHOTO: The Spruce / Dera Burreson; PHOTO: The Spruce / Dera Burreson; Best …
The Best Outdoor Thermometers of 2024
See It Product Specs Key features: Indoor-outdoor temperatures and humidity, minimum/maximum temperature recall, Wi-Fi strength indicator Dimensions: Display is 3.35 inches by 5.91 inches / …
Heat storage and release performance experiment of externally …
The day before March 11, 2021 (March 10) was cloudy, and the day after (March 12) was snowy. This day is selected as a typical cloudy weather condition. The outdoor ambient temperature, solar radiation intensity, indoor temperature change data of reference greenhouse and phase change greenhouse are shown in Fig. 7.
Research on the variation patterns and predictive models of soil ...
Solar greenhouses were founded in China in the 1980 s. As an agricultural facility, solar greenhouses use the building envelope, the soil, and the internal microclimate environment to create a semi-closed system with agricultural organisms. ... outdoor air temperatures, and solar radiation. In simpler terms, when outdoor air temperature and ...